Interventions to promote gender equality in the mining. Opportunities and challenges facing the south african mining industry. Impacts of mining on water resources in south africa. Activity in south africa often impacts and influences the rest of the region. However, this right is being violated on a daily basis by the. Largescale and profitable mining started with the discovery of a diamond on the banks of the orange river in 1867 by erasmus jacobs and the subsequent discovery and exploitation of the kimberley pipes a few years later. South africa yearbook 201516 318 the department of mineral resources dmr assumes the custodianship of all mineral resources in south africa on behalf of its citizens.
The mining industry continues to add value to all its stakeholders. Investors in aggregate saw a decrease in dividends and market capitalisation after a cautiously optimistic view on a recovery last. Mining historically, south africa has been a leading global supplier of minerals and mineral products, and it retains an important role in mining and minerals demonstrated by 55 minerals being produced from some 11 mines in 2005. About 70% of all arrested illegal miners are illegal immigrants, mostly from lesotho, mozambique and zimbabwe. Aug 16, 2012 with south africas economy built on gold and diamond mining, the sector is an important foreign exchange earner, with gold accounting for more than onethird of exports. These methods, for the purposes of discussion, are divided into sections in. Strong economic linkages at the local level were identified in the white paper as a critical success factor in the local economy national responsible tourism development guidelines for south africa. The amajuba district is among one of the major coal mining regions in south africa, where the mining activities are limited mainly to coal and quarry.
Mostly children are not directly involved in mining digging itself, but in activities like transport of water, minerals processing and gold panning. Dec 09, 2019 for example, mining makes up 20% of south africas total gdp and employs over 1 million people. In 1886, on the farm of langlaagte, the rapidly growing diamond industry was eclipsed by the discovery of gold. South africa, being the economic hub of the continent at present, sets the stage for the industry at large in many respects. Bring handson mining into your classroom below you will find copies of classroom activities and correlations of those activities with next generation science standards. Mining and biodiversity guideline iv in pursuit of south africas developmental pathway, a shared vision and common goal of sustainability has emerged as a strong driver of industry values and societal behaviour. The social and environmental consequences of coal mining in. South africa thus has international obligations to prevent mining activities.
At the current gold price more than half of the south african gold mining industry is marginal. In recent times, significant changes in attitude and practice demonstrate that even high impact industries are increasingly. We are said to have the worlds fifthlargest mining sector, employing 5% of the south african workforce. For example, mining makes up 20% of south africas total gdp and employs over 1 million people. The threats to human rights from mining and coalfired power. Your teacher will indicate whether you must show all the locations, or a selection of the ones provided. Pdf harmful mining activities, environmental impacts and effects. You will need to find out where the towns are located in south africa and indicate them on the map. Some of the key recommendations proposed by the women in artisanal and smallscale mining in the project countries include, but are not limited to. With regard to this, much of the fdi has been targeted at africas resourcerich mining industries in the form of largescale mining companies lsmcs which often generate.
We hope you are able to bring these exercises into your classroom. This process of selection was not possible for other basin states due to the scarcity of data. To promote sustainable gender equality in south africas mining sector, there should not be any discrimination between men and women in terms of workplace practices such as career advancement, remuneration, and a. The near shore and shelf environments of the west coast hold rich reserves of minerals, particularly diamonds and in south africa there is an increasing emphasis on offshore diamond mining operations. An overview of producer services in the mining industry in south. In africa fdi inflows reached usd 18 billion in 2004, compared with usd 14 billion in the previous year. Mining in south africa had an overall industry value of r 452. National library of south africa, pretoria division national library of south africa, cape town division. Among the key sectors that keep south africas economic engine running are manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, financial services, transport, mining, agriculture and tourism. Economic activity in modernday south africa has been centred on mining activities, their ancillary services and supplies.
Council for geoscience geological survey of south africa, geophysics division, private bag xi12, pretoria 001, south africa email. The contribution of kimberley as a rehabilitated mine to. Opportunities and challenges facing the south african mining. South africa is a top global producer of a diverse range of minerals, including gold, coal, platinum, palladium, manganese, titanium and uranium. In 2009, the countrys diamond industry was the fourth largest in the world. Smallscale mining and sustainable development within the. The development backlog and the urgent need for poverty alleviation give sustainable. The bulk of the work was completed in february 2000. Exposure to mercury can have serious health impacts, including irreversible brain damage. To this end, the dmr promotes and regulates the minerals and mining sector for transformation, growth and development as.
Mining in south africa mining of mineral resources. Mining minerals sustainable development southern africa. Smallscale mining and sustainable development within the sadc region 7 goldpanning, just as they would have to do as well in smallscale agriculture, to fulltime slavelike employment. Mining activities continue to dispossess black families in. There was a mixed bag of performance in 2018 as bulk commodity prices continued to rise from the lows at the. Mining and biodiversity guideline iv in pursuit of south africa s developmental pathway, a shared vision and common goal of sustainability has emerged as a strong driver of industry values and societal behaviour. Furthermore, there is a poor understanding of the profile of the artisanal miner in south africa. Pdf key challenges facing the mining and minerals sector in. Africa has long been a continent plagued by underdevelopment, but relative. Brand south africa south africas economy has been traditionally rooted in the. Already the 30th driest country in the world,6 south africa is experiencing its most severe. What follows are the typical phases of a proposed mining project. Pdf impacts of mining on water resources in south africa. Mining in south africa began with chance discovery of a diamond on the banks of the orange river in 1867.
In this paper we examine whether this perception of the role ofmining in the south african economy remains justied. Mining industry, 2015 statistics south africa the south. An overview of the impact of mining and mineral processing operations on water resources and water quality in the zambezi, limpopo and olifants catchments in southern africa peter ashton 1, david love 2, harriet mahachi 3 and paul dirks 3 1 csirenvironmentek, p. This paper summarizes indigenous mining methods used to collect metal ores in precolonial southern africa, south of 15s.
The social and environmental consequences of coal mining in south africa a case study prepared by. For example, mining makes up 20% of south africa s total gdp and employs over 1 million people. Pdf in south africa, the right to a clean environment is constitutionally guaranteed. Positive and negative effects of mining positive negative. We also follow case studies that, in our view, provide good examples that support our previous observations and suggest the potential for a. The mining sector is an integral part of south africas economy. A perspective on the south african mining industry in the 21st. Victor munnik mvula trust with geraldine hochmann mvula trust, mathews hlabane sa green revolutionary council and stephen law environmental monitoring group january 2010 a joint initiative of environmental monitoring group, cape town, south. Corporate social responsibility activities of mining companies. To this end, the dmr promotes and regulates the minerals and mining sector for transformation, growth and development as well as ensures. The government regulates the mining of minerals through the law, which mining companies have to obey. Poverty, unemployment and large numbers of illegal immigrants in south africa, are contributing to higher crime levels in general, including in illegal mining. In africa, south africa stands out as the only country with a large extractive industry to have an explicit law that regulates csr activities.
By the 1880s, the mines around kimberley produced around 95% of the world diamonds. The countrys stock exchange in johannesburg was established in 1887, a decade after the first diamonds were discovered on the banks of the orange river, and almost simultaneously with the gold rush on the worldfamous witwatersrand. Although gold, diamonds, platinum and coal are the most wellknown among the minerals and metals mined, south africa also hosts chrome, vanadium, titanium and a number of other lesser minerals. Coal mining, and mining in general, are activities central to south africas economy.
It includes those cases where development activities proceed initially without communities relocating, but where the subsequent increase in health and safety risks and deterioration in living standards leaves the community no option but to move. A perspective on the south african mining industry in the 21st century an independent report prepared for the chamber of mines of south africa by the graduate school of business of the university of cape town in association with genesis analytics. This is the mineral and petroleum resource development act mprda backed by the broadbased socioeconomic charter for the mining industry mining charter. Use the map of south africa and the data provided in the table below to draw your own map of where mining in south africa takes place. As the evidence that follows will demonstrate, the role of mining in the. Altogether 11 mining rights had been issued in the district as at 20, with six operational and five pending. Interventions to promote gender equality in the mining sector of south africa. Mining in south africa was once the main driving force behind the history and development of africas most advanced and richest economy. These processes also have an impact on the atmosphere from the emissions of carbon which have. Data for mining operations located in zimbabwe and south africa were restricted to those mining operations that had achieved a minimum production specific to each commodity. South africa is also a major producer of coal, manganese and chrome. South africa, using remotesensing of tree canopy spectral reflectance. Challenges facing the south african gold mining industry lbma. It does not consider mine closure, migrant labour or the impacts of pollution.
Precolonial mining in southern africa article pdf available in journal south african institute of mining and metallurgy 1001. The social and economic impacts of gold mining 70 % of total expenditures by gold mining companies are on payments to suppliers, contractors and employees. South africa has an abundance of mineral resources, which is a direct source of foreign investment. The impact of mining activities on the environment and surface drainage in. The two industries ranked together as the primary or basic industries of early civilization. Environmental and health impacts of mining in africa edited by benjamin mapani and bohdan kribek. The complexity is compounded by the lack of research and literature on the issue in south africa. Artisanal and smallscale mining is also the source of the largest releases of mercury, estimated at 1,400 tonnes per year in 2011 according to the minamata convention. South africa thus has international obligations to prevent mining activities within its jurisdiction or control that may violate these rights. Opportunities and challenges facing the south african. Trends in productivity in the south african gold mining industry.
When practiced ethically, mining can provide fantastic opportunities for indigenous communities. The south african mining landscape 6 improving value to stakeholders 18 the regulatory landscape in africa 20 south africa mining charter 21 south africa diesel refund scheme 22 tanzania the impact of regulatory changes 26 drc new mining code upsetting miners 27 financial performance 28 glossary 44 companies included in the analysis 46. The social and environmental consequences of coal mining. Minerals and africas development africa mining vision. The threats to human rights from mining and coalfired. Offshore mining in south africa is also relatively productive. Environmental impacts of mining can occur at local, regional, and global scales through direct and indirect mining practices. Statistics south africa, 2017 report 200102 2015 38 pages isbn 9780621453447 a complete set of stats sa publications is available at stats sa library and the following libraries. These methods, for the purposes of discussion, are divided into sections. Components of mining production value a larger integration of mining activities through various forms of connection confers the promise of mining contribution increasing within national economies, at each stage of the value chain. Corporate social responsibility activities of mining. Mining conflicts and corporate social responsibility in.
Mining for sustainable development corruption watch. Mining activities have significantly impacted terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems at both local and regional. Each phase of mining is associated with different sets of environmental impacts. Opportunities and challenges facing the south african mining industry presentation to the sacea agm by roger baxter, senior executive, chamber of mines of south africa, 17 february 2011 presentation outline mining and minerals, integral to modern society the south african mining industry the future the global mining industry back to the. A perspective on the south african mining industry in the. The threats to human rights from mining and coalfired power production in south africa 5 october 2016. The decline in gold production has masked significant growth in other mining sectors in south africa. Miller synopsis this paper summarizes indigenous mining methods used to collect metal ores in precolonial southern africa, south of 15s. In this years edition of state of mining in africa in the spotlight, we take a further look at, and reflect back on, our observations to see how the broad industry is progressing.
The mining industry is currently regulated under the mineral and petroleum resources development. Mining, by its nature, is invasive, causes a large amount of pollution and affectslarge areas of land. Impacts can result in erosion, sinkholes, loss of biodiversity, or the contamination of soil, groundwater, and surface water by the chemicals emitted from mining processes. We also follow case studies that, in our view, provide good examples that support. In poor regions, where mining activity is dominant, indirect employment effects may be particularly important. Mining in south africa was once the main driving force behind the history and development of africa s most advanced and richest economy. The mining industry remains a major contributor to the economy of south africa.
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